3168 — Water Thermal Storage Tank: Part 2 Mixing Model and Storage Estimation for Temperature-Stratified Tanks

A theoretical mixing model was developed for the temperature-stratified type of thermal storage water tank. Empirical equations consisting of the model parameter and input conditions were derived from a number of experiments under the stepwise temperature input. The model was further extended to be applied to various input conditions; the variable flow rate and/or variable input temperature and other conditions that are encountered in actual HVAC systems. Many computerized system simulations were conducted under various design conditions using a simulation program combined with the mixing model. The effects of various design parameters on storage efficiency were examined statistically with experimental designs through numerical simulations, and estimation tables of storage efficiency were presented in the same manner as given for the multi-connected complete mixing tank in a companion paper.